Gel forming system for non-polymer fluids SURFOGEL® grade D

Gel forming system for non-polymer fluids SURFOGEL® grade D

Viscoelastic surfactant (VES) based gelling systems  SURFOGEL® grade D are designed for the application as gel forming components in hydraulic fracturing fluid – proppant carrying fluid, as well as in water-based gelled fluids used as the carriers for ultra-light fillers EXTELIGHT and EXTELINT®. The last two are used in well killing operations and as a flow-diverter at acid stimulation correspondingly. Depending on the grade of the surfactant base gel forming systems SURFOGEL® grade D can be used under different formation temperatures.

Gel forming system SURFOGEL® grade D is a multicomponent complex, which consists of SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base), SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator),  SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) and SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator).

Application area


SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base)

SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base), Technical requirements ТU 2482-107-53501222-2015, is an alcohol solution of highly active cationic surfactants and is available in four types:

SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base) type 20-40, SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base) type 40-70, SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base) type70-100, SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base) type100-150

These four types differ in surfactant ratios and application temperatures.

Properties of SURFOGEL® graded (Surfactant Base)

Grade        SURFOGEL®
          grade D
 (Surfactant Base)
       Type  20-40  		        SURFOGEL®
           grade D
   (Surfactant Base)          
        Type 40-70  		  SURFOGEL®
       grade D
(Surfactant Base)          
   Type 70-100  		     SURFOGEL®
        grade D
(Surfactant Base) 
   Type 100-150 
Appearance                          Syrup-like flowage liquid with the color varying from light to dark-brown
Density at 20˚С,
g/cm3, within
the range  		                                                                              1.00-1.04
Apparent viscosity
of 10%-solution*
by Brucfield at
shear rate of 100 с-1,
not less than 		         300 mPa·s
       at 30°С/86°F
           300  mPa·s
       at 60°С /140°F
          300  mPa·s 
      at 90°С /194°F
           300  mPa·s 
      at 150°С/302°F

* Apparent viscosity of by Brucfield is measured in 10%-solution of SURFOGEL® grade D (Surfactant Base) with the corresponding amount of SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator)    


SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator)

SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator), Technical requirements ТU 2477-108-53501222-2015, is designed to intensify viscous properties of gelling substances in fresh water and is available in two grades: SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator) grade L and SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator) grade Z varying in the freezing temperature.

Properties of SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator)
Grade SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator)
                       grade L  		SURFOGEL® grade D (Activator)
                       grade Z 
Appearance                       Liquid with the color varying from colorless to brown
Density at 20°С , g/cm3,
within the range  		                  1.213-1.222                    1.190-1.200 
Freezing temperature, °С,
not higher than 		                        -10                          -20


SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) 

Depending on the customer’s requirements SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor), Technical requirements ТU 2458-109-53501222-2015, can be used optionally in hydrofrac technology. SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) is designed to break the gel into the initial components after the fracturing process is completed. The chemical is available in three grades: SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) grade А,  SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) grade В and SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor) grade Z varying in the  freezing temperature and main material concentration.

Properties of SURFOGEL® grade D (Destructor)
Grade SURFOGEL® grade D
(Destructor) grade А  		SURFOGEL® grade D
(Destructor) grade B  		SURFOGEL® grade D
(Destructor) grade Z 
Appearance Colourless transparent fluid
without solid inclusions 		White flakes or powder.
Yellowish or reddish tints
are allowed 		Colourless transparent fluid
Density at 20°С  g/cm3,
within the range  		                    0.85-0.905                              -                     1.085-0.095 
Mass concentration
of main material,
% not less than  		                          98                             97                              -
Freezing temperature,
°С, not higher than 		                     Minus 50                              -                      Minus 20


SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator) 

SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator), Technical requirements ТU .59.59-133-53501222-2018, is designed to keep pH value of the system within the required range and is available in two grades: SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator) type 1 and SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator) type 2.

Properties of SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator) 
Grade SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator )
                        Type 1  		SURFOGEL® grade D (pH Regulator )
                       Type 2 
Appearance                  White powder           Fine-grained  white powder
Reaction of medium
(pH) of 0.7% water solution,
pH units, within the range 		                        6.5-7.0                         3.7-4.2 

SURFOGEL® grade D based Fracturing Fluids  

Customer Benefits of VES SURFOGEL® grade D based Fracturing Fluid Application 

  • No polymers contained in hydrofracturing fluid.
  • Possibility to achieve high viscosity of fracturing fluid  (up to 1000 mPa·s at shear rate 100 s-1 at 60°С/90°С for type 40-70 and type 70-100 correspondingly), which do not decrease with time and which increase with the temperature growth from the minimal to the maximal value for the corresponding type. 
  • 100% residual conductivity of proppant packing as a result of absence of formation plugging with decomposition products.
  • Instantaneous recovery of viscosity parameter after shear application.
  • High resistance to mechanical destruction (shear).
  • High solubility in oil without the increase of oil viscosity.
  • High compatibility with the mineralized water.

Consumption Rates for Non-polymer Fracturing Fluid

The fracturing  fluid is a solution of the SURFOGEL® grade D system components (namely Surfactant Base, Activator, Destructor and pH Regulator) in fresh process water. Component wise supply of the the system allows to adjust fracturing fluid properties in accordance with the customer’s requirements. Total content of  SURFOGEL® grade D complex components in the fracturing fluid makes  4-14% depending on the type of Surfactant Base, rheological parameters being required and the chemical composition of the water being used.

SURFOGEL® grade D based Ultra Light Killing Fluids 

Customer Benefits of VES SURFOGEL® grade D based Ultra Light Killing Fluids  
  • Nonflammable fluid. 
  • Hydrocarbon-free and polymer-free composition.
  • Inert to the formation rocks.
  • Liquid circulation and bottom-hole zone cleanout is possible.
  • Well-killing density 0.7 g/cm3 can be achieved, it provides the possibility of gas-lift wells killing for maintenance with no coil tubing technology application

Consumption Rates for Ultra Light Killing Fluids  

Ultra light killing fluid is solution of the SURFOGEL® grade D system components Surfactant Base and Activator in fresh process water. Further some amount of inert filler EXTELIGHT® is added which allows lowering of killing fluid density to 0.7 g/cm3. The choice of the type of SURFOGEL® grade D Surfactant Base depends on the application temperature. The amount of EXTELIGHT® depends on the required fluid density. Total content of SURFOGEL® grade D complex components in fluid makes  4-10%.

SURFOGEL® grade D based flow-diverter EXTELINT® 

Customer Benefits of VES SURFOGEL® grade D based flow-diverter EXTELINT®   

  • Wide application temperature range.
  • Compatibility with all types of acid stimulation fluids.
  • Compatible with reservoir fluids.Inert to rock. 
  • No formation damage.
  • Biodegradable safe in use product.
  • Ability to block temporary high permeable reservoir fractures thus spreading the coverage of low-permeable formation zones with acidizing.

Consumption Rates for Flow-Diverter EXTELINT®

Flow-diverter for well acidizing is solution of the SURFOGEL® grade D system components Surfactant Base, Activator and pH Regulator in fresh water. Further some amount of inert filler EXTELINT® is added to strengthen the structure of flow diverter. Inside the formation viscous blocking substance of the flow-diverter fills the formation fractures diverting the further amounts of acid into untreated zones. The choice of the type of SURFOGEL® grade D Surfactant Base depends on the application temperature.

To select the optimal design of application and consumption rate of gelling agent SURFOGEL® grade D contact the specialists of Polyex Service Department.

Packing

All liquid components of gel forming system SURFOGEL® grade D are supplied in polyethylene drums with 227 l capacity or in polyethylene containers with 1 m3 capacity.

All dry components of gel forming system SURFOGEL® grade D are supplied in PP bags with PE liner.

Gel forming system SURFOGEL® grade D is certified for the application in oil-and-gas industry.


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